Relative clauses –
defining relative clauses
Relative
clauses add extra information to a sentence by defining a noun. They are
usually divided into two types – defining relative clauses and non-defining
relative clauses.Defining relative clauses
Look at this sentence:
Look at this sentence:
- The woman who lives next door works in a bank.
‘who
lives next door’ is a defining relative clause. It tells us which woman we
are talking about.
Look at some more examples:
Look at some more examples:
- Look out! There’s the dog that bit my brother.
- The film that we saw last week was awful.
- This is the skirt I bought in the sales.
Can
you identify the defining relative clauses? They tell us which dog, which
film and which skirt we are talking about.Relative pronouns
Relative clauses are often introduced by a relative pronoun (usually who,which, that, but when, where and whose are also possible)
With defining relative clauses we can use who or that to talk about people.
Relative clauses are often introduced by a relative pronoun (usually who,which, that, but when, where and whose are also possible)
With defining relative clauses we can use who or that to talk about people.
- She’s the woman who cuts my hair.
- She’s the woman that cuts my hair.
And
we can use that or which to talk about things.
- The dog that bit my brother.
- The dog which bit my brother.
It
is also sometimes possible to omit the relative pronoun.
- This is the skirt that I bought in the sales.
- This is the skirt which I bought in the sales.
- This is the skirt I bought in the sales.
In
this sentence ‘skirt’ is the object of the verb (buy). ‘I’ is
the subject. When the relative pronoun is the object, it can be
omitted.
- The film we saw last week was awful.
- BUT The dog bit my brother. This is not possible because the dog is the subject of the verb, ‘bite’.
- Exercise 37. Relative Clauses
1. The last record which
produced by this company became a gold record.
2. Checking accounts
that require a minimum balance are very common now.
3. The professor whose
you spoke yesterday is not here today.
4. John whose grades are
the highest in the school, has received a scholarship.
5. Felipe bought a
camera that has three lenses.
6. Frank are who were
nominated for the office of treasurer.
7. The doctor is with a
patient whose leg was broken in an accident.
8. Jane is the woman who
is going to China next year.
9. Janet wants a
typewriter whose self-corrects.
10. This book that I
found last week, contains some useful information.
11. Mr. Bryant whose team
has lost the game, looks very sad.
12. James wrote an
article whose indicated that he diskiled the president.
13. The director of the
program whose graduated from Havard University, is planning to retire next
year.
14. This is the book that
I Have been looking for all year.
15. William whose brother
is a lawyer, want to become a judge.
- Exercise 38. Relative Clause Reduction
1. George is the man
chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
2. All of the money
accepted has already been released.
3. The papers on the
table belong to Patricia.
4. The man brought to
the police station confessed to the crime.
5. The girl drinking
coffe, is Mary Allen.
6. John’s wife, a
professor, has written several papers on this subject.
7. The man talking to
the policeman, is my uncle.
8. The book on the top
shelf, is the one that I need.
9. The number of
students have been counted is quite high.
10. Leo Evans, a doctor,
eats in this restaurant every day.
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